CORE pamphlet "Louisiana Story 1963"
CORE in Louisiana
This is the pamphlet "Louisiana Story 1963" published by CORE. It details CORE's actions that year to fight against racial discrimination in that area. It also discusses why CORE's national director James Farmer did not speak at that summer's March on Washington. He was in jail for participating in protests.
Congress of Racial Equality
https://www.crmvet.org/docs/6311_core_la-r.pdf
Congress of Racial Equality
1963
Congress of Racial Equality
.pdf
English
pamphlet
Plaquemine, Louisiana 1963
article on Los Angeles CORE
L.A. CORE
This is a 2022 article on Los Angeles CORE by Dr. M. Keith Claybrook, Jr. focusing on its efforts to de-segregate housing.
M. Keith Claybrook, Jr.
https://www.aaihs.org/cores-struggle-for-fair-housing-rights-in-la/
African American Intellectual History Society
march 1, 2022
M. Keith Claybrook, Jr.
.pdf
English
text
Los Angeles early 1960's
The Mighty Wurlitzer : How The CIA Played America by Hugh Wilford
This is a .pdf version of Prof. Hugh Wilford's book "The Mighty Wurlitzer : How The CIA Played America" (click on the image to bring it up).
I am posting it here because recently Dr. Wesley Muhammed, PhD, of the Nation of Islam did a presentation regarding the scholarship on the assassination of Malcolm X. During the presentation, Dr. Muhammad claimed CORE founder and national director James Farmer was a C.I.A. asset. Muhammad claimed, "The C.I.A. sent James Farmer to follow on the heels of Malcolm X to try and undo Malcolm's damage in Africa... because the White House saw Malcolm's African diplomacy as damaging to America's status and America's African policy."
This book is what Muhammad used as his source material (chapter 9).
Dr. Muhammad's presentation can be seen here starting at about the 52:20 mark -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zkHKXbzBrV4&t=3159s
Hugh Wilford, Dr. Wesley Muhammad
https://epdf.pub/the-mighty-wurlitzer-how-the-cia-played-america.html
Harvard University Press
2008
.pdf
photo of CORE national chairman Floyd McKissick, Durham CORE chairman Walter Riley and Malcolm X
Floyd McKissick, Malcolm X
This is a April 1963 photo of Malcolm X with Floyd McKissick (center), then CORE's national chairman. On the other side of McKissick is Walter Riley, chairman of the local Durham CORE chapter. The photo is from when McKissick debated Malcolm X in Durham, North Carolina.
McKissick already had a good relationship with leaders of the local Nation of Islam (NOI) mosque. He had done legal work for the NOI and often worked with them on education programs. Members in turn protected McKissick's house after bomb threats were made against his family and at least on one occasion took it upon themselves to provide security for one of his demonstrations. Before he left Durham, Malcolm even stayed with the McKissicks at their home. The oldest daughter, Jocelyn Mckissick, was also suspended from school for promoting the event.
The photo speaks to the relationship between CORE and Malcolm X. Regardless of the difference in philosophies (integration vs. separation), Malcolm X had a closer relationship with CORE than any of the other civil rights organizations.
Harold Moore
https://blogs.lib.unc.edu/ncm/2017/06/24/malcolm-x-debates-floyd-mckissick-in-1963/?fbclid=IwAR3xyjWf22M2-rzgEeVi2j0oQcPH419ajn_PjCFkiaeDpE6bzs_0qCZBO2c
Durham Herald Co.
April 18 1963
Harold Moore/ Durham Herald Co.
Durham, North Carolina. April 18 1963
photo of Ruth Turner Perot, Cleveland CORE
This is a photo of Ruth Turner Perot, executive secretary for Cleveland CORE before she and her husband Tony Perot went on to work for the national office. Both were members of the National Action Commitee.
"The first lady of Black Power", not only did she play a crucial role in getting Floyd McKissick elected as national director, as his special assistant, she also played a large part in defining and articulating CORE's philosophy of Black Power. It is unclear if there was another woman who was a national leader during the Black Power movement that predates Ruth Turner. Gloria Richardson of the Cambridge Movement retired from activism before Black Power proper. Kathleen Cleaver and Elaine Brown from the Panthers came after.
Turner is also credited by CORE historians August Meier and Elliot Rudwick with playing an essential role in having original Freedom Rider Jim Peck fired from his position as the long time editor of the CORElator.
Ruth Turner Perot
https://whospeaks.library.vanderbilt.edu/interviewee/ruth-turner
Ruth Turner Perot
Journal paper on CORE in Kentucky
CORE in Kentucky
This is a journal paper on CORE chapters in Kentucky by historian Gerald Smith.
Gerald Smith
The Register of the Kentucky Historical Society , SUMMER/AUTUMN 2011, Vol. 109, No. 3/4,
The Register of the Kentucky Historical Society
2011
Gerald Smith
Gerald Smith
.pdf
English
text
Kentucky
Two journal papers on St. Louis CORE and ACTION
St. Louis CORE, ACTION
These are two journal articles on St. Louis CORE and an offshoot group of the chapter, ACTION (Action Committee to Improve Opportunities for Negroes). The articles, "Black Power on the Ground: Continuity and Rupture in St. Louis" and "Between Civil Rights and Black Power In The Gateway City: The Action Committee To Improve Opportunities For Negroes (ACTION), 1964-75" were written by the historian Clarence Lang.
Clarence Lang
Neighborhood Rebel; Journal of Social History, Volume 37, Issue 3, Spring 2004
Palgrave Macmillan; Journal of Social History, Volume 37, Issue 3, Spring 2004,
2010; 2004
Clarence Lang
.pdf
English
text
St. Louis CORE, 1960's and 1970's
CORE historian August Meier vs. Malcolm X
August Meier, Malcolm X
This is a 2020 article on a 1962 debate between CORE historian and member August Meier and Malcolm X at Morgan State University, a historically Black college in Baltimore, Maryland where Meier was a history professor. While the article is not too flattering in its portrayal of Meier, it is a great account of the event and helpful in its mention of other debates between Malcolm X and CORE leaders James Farmer and Bayard Rustin.
Judson Jeffries
Spectrum: A Journal on Black Men , Fall 2020, Vol. 8, No. 1
Indiana University Press
2020
Spectrum
.pdf
English
text
Baltimore, Maryland 1962
photo of CORE associate national director Dr. George Wiley
George Wiley
This is a photo of Dr. George Wiley. A former chemistry professor at the Syracuse University and Cornell graduate, he was one of the founding members of Syracuse CORE. In 1964, he became CORE's associate national director, second only to James Farmer. He unsuccessfully ran against Floyd Mckissick for national director in 1965.
After leaving CORE, he founded the National Welfare Rights Organization. It is widely credited with turning the welfare rights struggle a national movement through use of tactics developed by political scientists Richard Andrew Cloward and Frances Fox Piven,
He was also listed on the master list of President Nixon's political opponents, a supplement to supplement the original Nixon's Enemies List.
https://www.georgewileycenter.org/history
https://www.georgewileycenter.org/history
photo
photo of Syracuse CORE member Wretha Wiley
Wretha Wiley
This is a 1973 photo of Syracuse CORE member Wretha Wiley walking with her children. Wiley was the wife of CORE associate director Dr. George Wiley and the mother of 2020 NYC mayoral candidate Maya Wiley seen in the left side of the photo holding her mother's hand.
https://nymag.com/intelligencer/article/maya-wiley-nyc-mayor-race.html?fbclid=IwAR38vzrf5Ai5ZCLC2eWqR6OX1VvhPJKD_4-piLdRghXc2nPAWV9PUqsEccc
Jet Magazine
1973
Jet Magazine
photo
1973 New York